Music Psychology

Research

I'm an interdisciplinary music psychology researcher fascinated by imagination influenced by music, the relational nature of listening — experienced in the meeting between the the person, music, others, and their shared world — and the beautiful intersection between science & art.

I'm a committed advocate for Open Research: transparent methods, sharing data and expertise, and publishing work in ways that anyone can scrutinise, build on, or stumble into with curiosity.

Thesis, PhD Project

Completed! · PhD

Music & Imagination: An Empirical Mixed-Method Venture into Music-Influenced Mental Content.

Durham University · Music Department · 2024–2026

My PhD examined music-influenced mental content (MIMC) — the connections, images, stories, and experiences arising during music listening. I argue that MIMC should be understood as a relational event (rather than fixed and retrievable constructs, as much as empirical researchers may wish it to be), that cannot be fully understood in isolation from the listener, the music, their contexts and situations.
Four empirical papers build this account using a methodologicalmix of quantitative, computational NLP, and qualitative methods.

Paper 1 · MUSIFEAST-17 Paper 2 · Thoughtscapes Paper 3 · Framed Listening Paper 4 · Basslines, Bodies & Beehive Haircuts

Future Research

In Development :)

Socially Situated & Relational Listening

I'm developing this relational lens in further research through a focus on socially situated, relational listening.
Transdisciplinary & methodologically pluralistic, combining qualitative, quantitative, and computational NLP analyses including in-situ fieldwork and a mixed-media co-created public exhibition.

Research Interests

Open Research

Open data and transparent methods — research is something we do together, not hoard.

Methodological Pluralism

Numbers often miss the messy texture of qualitative inquiry. I'm drawn to mixed methods — where reality tends to actually live.

Constructivist, Relational Realist Ontology

Treating musical imagination as real, but relational — something that comes into being between music, listener, and context, not a fixed property of either.

Person-Centred, Active Participation

Centring the listener as an active participant, not a passive vessel to communicate a bounded response evoked by a bounded stimulus.

Papers & Publications

Published · 2025 PhD Paper 1

MUSIFEAST-17: MUsic Stimuli for Imagination, Familiarity, Emotion, and Aesthetic STudies across 17 genres

van der Walle, H. A., Wu, W., Margulis, E. H., Jakubowski, K. · Behavior Research Methods, 57(7), 1–26

A normed stimulus set of 356 instrumental clips across 17 genres, with normative data from 701 participants.

Published · 2025 PhD Paper 2

Thoughtscapes in music: An examination of thought types occurring during music listening across 17 genres

van der Walle, H. A., Wu, W., Margulis, E. H., Jakubowski, K. · Psychology of Music

Mapping the types of thoughts people report during music listening across a 17-genre stimulus set.

View paper
Preprint · 2026 PhD Paper 3

Framed Listening: Can accompanying contextual cues shape Music-Influenced Mental Content?

van der Walle, H. A., Margulis, E. H., & Jakubowski, K. · PsyArXiv [Preprint]

A computational NLP study testing whether extramusical context shifts the semantic content of imaginative reports.

Published · 2026 PhD Paper 4

Basslines, Bodies & Beehive Haircuts: What do we think about when we listen to music?

van der Walle, H. A., Margulis, E. H., & Jakubowski, K. · Imagination, Cognition and Personality

A mixed-method analysis of 14,091 MIMC descriptions across 10 genres, combining qualitative and network analyses.

Preprint · 2024 MSc Paper

Experiencing liveness from recorded music

Rai, L., van der Walle, H. A., Painting, J., & Orgs, G.

Testing whether adding audience reactions to recordings can create a sense of social liveness — can recorded music mimic the effect of live audience presence?

View preprint
Preprint · 2026 Open Research Collaboration

Ten Simple Rules for Running a ReproducibiliTea Journal Club

Wolsink, L., Manduch, P., Licata, A. E., van der Walle, H. A., Vornhagen, J. B., Sharma, H., Ngiam, W. XG., Muhoozi, M., Marmyleva, A. & Jaquiery, M.

A practical guide to starting and sustaining a ReproducibiliTea journal club — the grassroots Open Research initiative for discussing reproducibility and open methods.

View preprint